Phytoremediation of Metal-Contacted Dothi Pogwiritsa Ntchito Organic Amendments

Activated carbon imakhala ndi zinthu za carbonaceous zochokera ku makala. Carbon activated amapangidwa ndi pyrolysis wa zinthu organic zoyambira zomera. Zidazi ndi monga malasha, zipolopolo za kokonati ndi nkhuni,chikwama cha nzimbe,masamba a soyandi mwachidule (Dias et al., 2007; Paraskeva et al., 2008). Pamlingo wochepa,manyowa a nyamaamagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga activated carbon. Kugwiritsa ntchito carbon activated ndikofala kuchotsa zitsulo m'madzi otayira, koma kugwiritsa ntchito kwake chitsulo chosasunthika sikudziwika mu dothi loipitsidwa (Gerçel ndi Gerçel, 2007; Lima ndi Marshall, 2005b). Manyowa a nkhuku opangidwa ndi kaboni anali ndi zitsulo zabwino kwambiri zomangira (Lima ndi Marshall, 2005a). Mpweya wokhala ndi activated umagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso zoipitsa m'nthaka ndi m'madzi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a porous, malo akulu komanso kutsika kwambiri kwa ma adsorption (Üçer et al., 2006). Carbon activated imachotsa zitsulo (Ni, Cu, Fe, Co, Cr) mu njira kudzera mumvula ngati chitsulo hydroxide, adsorption pa activated carbon (Lyubchik et al., 2004). Mankhusu a amondi opangidwa ndi AC adachotsa bwino Ni kuchokera m'madzi otayidwa ndi opanda H₂SO₄chithandizo (Hasar, 2003).

Posachedwapa, biochar yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kusintha kwa dothi chifukwa cha zopindulitsa zake pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala (Beesley et al., 2010). Biochar ili ndi zambiri (mpaka 90%) kutengera zinthu za makolo (Chan ndi Xu, 2009). Kuphatikizika kwa biochar kumathandizira kutulutsa mpweya wosungunuka wa organic,nthaka pH, amachepetsa zitsulo mu leachates ndi kuwonjezera zakudya zazikulu (Novak et al., 2009; Pietikäinen et al., 2000). Kulimbikira kwa nthawi yayitali kwa biochar m'nthaka kumachepetsa kuyika kwazitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito zosintha zina (Lehmann ndi Joseph, 2009). Beesley et al. (2010) adatsimikiza kuti biochar idachepetsa Cd yosungunuka m'madzi ndi Zn m'nthaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa organic carbon ndi pH. Kuphatikizika kwa carbon kumachepetsa zitsulo (Ni, Cu, Mn, Zn) mu mphukira za chimanga chomwe chimabzalidwa mu dothi loipitsidwa poyerekeza ndi nthaka yomwe sinasinthidwe (Sabir et al., 2013). Biochar inachepetsa kuchuluka kwa sungunuka kwa Cd ndi Zn m'nthaka yowonongeka (Beesley ndi Marmiroli, 2011). Iwo adatsimikiza kuti sorption ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yosungira zitsulo ndi dothi. Biochar inachepetsa kuchuluka kwa Cd ndi Zn mpaka kuchepa kwa 300- ndi 45-fold in leachate concentrations, motero (Beesley ndi Marmiroli, 2011).